Blackholes and volcanos

Zhongmou Li, Hui Xiong, Yanchi Liu: Detecting Blackholes and Volcanoes in Directed Networks. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, arxiv
Zhongmou Li, Hui Xiong and Yanchi Liu: Mining blackhole and volcano patterns in directed graphs: a general approach. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, IF 2010=1.238; 2009=2.95; 2008=2.421
Lecture Notes in Social Networks
Batagelj, V, Pisanski, T: On partially directed Eulerian multigraphs. Publ. Inst. Math. (Belgr.), 1979, 25(39), 16-24

Macro Diff

read a directed network with  n  vertices
Vector/Create Constant Vector [ n ] [1.0] -> AllOne
Operations/Network+Vector/Network*Vector  -> Input
Network/Create New Network/Transform/Transpose 1-mode [yes]
select vector AllOne as the First
Operations/Network+Vector/Network*Vector  -> Output
select vector Output as the Second
select vector Input as the First
Vectors/Subtract  -> Diff
Vector/Make Partition/by Intervals/Selected Thresholds [-0.00001 0.00001]