European Airports Core / Structure

European Airports Core; better structure;

Based on the data from the paper A. Cardillo, J. Gómez-Gardeñes, M. Zanin, M. Romance, D. Papo, F. del Pozo, S. Boccaletti: Emergence of Network Features from Multiplexity, Scientific Reports 3, 1344 (2013).

Each airport is linked with the others from the core with at least 13 different companies.

A cube in the core 3D visualization represents a link/triple (ap1, ap2, co) - the airport ap1 is linked to the airport ap2 with a line provided by the company co. Lines provided by the same company are of the same color.

This is a 3D layout using X3DOM.
Use the mouse to navigate the space - rotate, zoom in/out, ...

Click a link (cube) for its identification (airport1, airport2, company)!

In the core:

1. Lufthansa and Air Berlin are serving lines from German airports Frankfurt, Berlin, Munich, Dusseldorf, Hamburg, and from Milan in Italy
2. Swiss IAL is serving lines from Swiss airports Zurich and Geneva
3. Easyjet is serving lines from Milan and also from CDG, Amsterdam, Fiumicino, Madrid
4. SAS is serving lines from Copenhagen and Stockholm
5. companies serving lines from its base airport: (British A, Heathrow), (LOT, Warsaw), (Austrian A, Vienna), (KLM, Amsterdam), (Air France, CDG), (Iberia, Madrid), (Czech A, Prague), (Alitalia, Fiumicino), (Brussels A, Brussels), (Malev, Budapest), (Vueling, Barcelona), (Aegean, Athens); the only “irregular” link is by Iberia between Barcelona and Budapest
6. the remaining companies can have some “bases”: (Netjets; Geneva, Venice, Nice), (Niki, Vienna), (Wizz Air; Budapest, Fiumicino), (Norwegian AS; Copenhagen, Stockholm), (European AT, Brussels), (Air Nostrum, Madrid), (Transavia, Amsterdam), (Olympic Air, Athens)

Airports

 [1] "Frankfurt Airport"                                           
 [2] "Berlin Tegel Airport"                                        
 [3] "Munich Airport"                                              
 [4] "Dusseldorf Airport"                                          
 [5] "Hamburg Airport"                                             
 [6] "Zurich Airport"                                              
 [7] "Geneva Airport"                                              
 [8] "Milan-Malpensa A"                                            
 [9] "Copenhagen Airport"                                          
[10] "Stockholm Arlanda Airport"                                   
[11] "Heathrow Airport"                                            
[12] "Warsaw Chopin Airport"                                       
[13] "Vienna International Airport"                                
[14] "Amsterdam Airport Schiphol"                                  
[15] "Charles de Gaulle Airport (Roissy Airport)"                  
[16] "Adolfo Suarez Madrid-Barajas Airport"                        
[17] "Vaclav Havel Airport Prague"                                 
[18] "Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport"                         
[19] "Brussels Airport (Zaventem Airport)"                         
[20] "Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport"                 
[21] "Barcelona El Prat Airport"                                   
[22] "Athens International Airport (Eleftherios Venizelos Airport)"
[23] "Ben Gurion Airport"                                          
[24] "Henri Coanda International Airport"                          
[25] "Venice Marco Polo Airport"                                   
[26] "Malaga Airport"                                              
[27] "Sofia Airport"                                               
[28] "Nice Cote d'Azur Airport"                            

Companies

 [1] "Lufthansa"    "Air Berlin"   "Swiss IAL"    "Easyjet"      "SAS"          "British A"   
 [7] "LOT Polish A" "Austrian A"   "KLM"          "Air France"   "Iberia"       "Czech A"     
[13] "Alitalia"     "Brussels A"   "Malev HA"     "Vueling A"    "Netjets"      "Niki"        
[19] "Aegean A"     "Wizz Air"     "Norwegian AS" "European AT"  "Air Nostrum"  "Transavia H" 
[25] "Olympic Air"  "TNT Airways"  "Ryanair"     

This 3D layout can be further improved by reordering (making closer) companies having the same base airport or airports served by the same company. The obtained layout is presented at better structure.